knowledge center

Climate legislation

State of Play:

The federal government and states are in the process of implementing two laws — the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act and the Inflation Reduction Act — an investment of more than a trillion dollars to address climate change.

What is reconciliation?

Reconciliation is the process of changing laws to adjust spending or revenues to meet overall targets in the budget resolution. Reconciliation instructions to each congressional committee are included in the budget resolution, which is passed by both chambers but does not require the president’s signature. Committees then adopt the provisions within their jurisdictions to be bundled in the budget reconciliation bill, which must be passed by both chambers and signed by the president. In the Senate, reconciliation legislation cannot be filibustered, and requires only a simple majority vote.

H.R. 3684: Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act

H.R. 5376: Build Back Better Act (Inflation Reduction Act) (GovTrack.us)

H.R. 5376: Build Back Better Act (Inflation Reduction Act) (Congress.gov)

Congressional Budget Office: Estimated Budgetary Effects of H.R. 5376, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022

Congressional Research Service: Inflation Reduction Act: Agricultural Conservation and Credit, Renewable Energy, and Forestry

Congressional Research Service: Tax Provisions in the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (H.R. 5376)

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