Why protecting forests is essential for food, climate and wellbeing

As we celebrate this year’s International Day of Forests, themed “Forests and Food,” we recognize the indispensable role forests play in food security, nutrition and livelihoods. 

Forests cover roughly 30% of the Earth’s land and serve as vital carbon sinks, absorbing carbon dioxide and reducing atmospheric greenhouse gas levels. These ecosystems sustain biodiversity, support food systems and mitigate climate change, making them essential for planetary and human health.

However, forests face mounting threats. Deforestation driven by agriculture, urbanization and industrial expansion is accelerating, putting these critical ecosystems at risk. The global demand for agricultural commodities – found in everyday products – continues to fuel large-scale tree loss. Since the end of the last ice age, the world has lost one-third of its forests, with vast areas cleared for crops and livestock. Meanwhile, urbanization is reducing people’s connection to nature, harming both environmental health and mental wellbeing.

Addressing these challenges requires integrated forest and woodland management strategies. SEI tools like Trase and projects such as Branching Out, TRADE Hub, Pocket Parks, and PURE advocate for sustainable, climate-resilient approaches that enhance the role of trees in achieving broader societal goals.

At International Day of Forests 2025, SEI researchers based at the University of York share insights into why forests matter and offer guidance on how to better care for these essential ecosystems – for the benefit of people and the planet.