What the data says about immigrants in the U.S.

After more than 50 years of rapid growth, the nation’s immigrant population is now in decline.

In January 2025, 53.3 million immigrants lived in the United States – the largest number ever recorded. In the ensuing months, however, more immigrants left the country or were deported than arrived. By June, the country’s foreign-born population had shrunk by more than a million people, marking its first decline since the 1960s.

A new Pew Research Center analysis of Census Bureau data finds that, as of June 2025:

51.9 million immigrants lived in the U.S.
15.4% of all U.S. residents were immigrants, down from a recent historic high of 15.8%.
19% of the U.S. labor force were immigrants, down from 20% and by over 750,000 workers since January.