The U.S.-Canada natural gas and electricity trade value rose in 2025
Although the total value of energy trade between the U.S. and Canada fell by 11% in 2025 to an estimated $137 B, according to data from the U.S. Census Bureau, the trade value of natural gas and electricity between the two countries increased slightly primarily because of increased natural gas prices and trade volume.
Although the total value of energy trade between the U.S. and Canada fell by 11% in 2025 to an estimated $137 B, according to data from the U.S. Census Bureau, the trade value of natural gas and electricity between the two countries increased slightly primarily because of increased natural gas prices and trade volume.
As of March 6, 2025, Canada’s energy exports to the U.S. are subject to a 10% tariff, although some crude oil volumes are potentially exempt from tariffs if they qualify for the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement preference. More recent tariff actions announced by the White House exempt energy trade.
Natural gas. The value of natural gas trade increased, following a rebound in natural gas prices in 2025, but still made up a relatively small share of the value of energy traded, at 8% of the total. The volume of U.S. natural gas imports from Canada averaged 8.6 billion cubic feet per day (Bft3d) in 2025, or 1% higher than in 2024. The value of these imports was 52% higher in 2025 than in 2024. The volume of U.S. natural gas exports to Canada increased by 4% in 2025 to an average of 2.8 Bft3d, while the value increased by 77%, totaling $2.6 B in 2025.
Most natural gas traded between the U.S. and Canada is sent by pipeline. Most U.S. natural gas imports from Canada arrive at the western and central portions of the border, and U.S. natural gas exports are more often sent from northeastern states into Ontario.
Electricity. Electricity trade between the two countries is relatively small compared to trade in other energy sources. The value of electricity trade between the U.S. and Canada totaled $3.2 B in 2025, 67% of which was electricity imported from Canada into the U.S.
Although the U.S. Northeast has been relying less on electricity imports from Canada in recent years, a new transmission line that began operations in January 2026 has the potential to increase U.S. electricity imports from Canada going forward.