Trump’s D.C. emergency is ending. ICE and the National Guard can stay.
When President Donald Trump’s 30-day emergency control of D.C. police officially expires Wednesday, he will no longer have the power to direct D.C. Mayor Muriel E. Bowser (D) to provide him with whatever police services he deems necessary — a milestone that Bowser has framed as imperative for the city.
But as Trump’s unprecedented flex of presidential authority over public safety in the nation’s capital winds down, other notable interventions in the city, including the National Guard presence and aggressive immigration enforcement, can continue. D.C. will also remain uniquely vulnerable to federal incursion — as evidenced by actions in Congress on Wednesday, when lawmakers considered a slate of bills to overhaul the city’s criminal justice policies and further restrict its limited home rule.
The result, for D.C. residents and officials, will be an uneasy transition, as uncertainty persists about what will change for residents on the ground as a result of the emergency ending. In a news conference Wednesday, Bowser emphasized that her administration is still focused on public safety — but what is changing is the president’s authority to make demands of her police force through one specific section of the Home Rule Act, the law that grants the city its limited self-government.
“Our public safety mission doesn’t change,” Bowser said. “What changes with the end of the emergency is the Home Rule charter, Section 740 that … compels the mayor to provide [D.C. police] services.”
Bowser issued a mayoral order last week establishing what she sees as the city’s off-ramp from Trump’s emergency declaration: an “emergency operations center” that formalizes coordination between D.C. and the federal law enforcement agencies that regularly work with city police — but notably excluded Immigration and Customs Enforcement from the list of agencies to communicate with.
The order seemed to have Bowser’s intended effect. The White House and Congress soon backed off threats to extend Trump’s emergency, seemingly satisfied with her offer of indefinite coordination.
But outside of the emergency operations center, ICE retains vast authority to detain D.C. residents regardless of city policies. Bowser on Wednesday said broadly that her police department would not focus on immigration enforcement after the emergency ends, noting that a new D.C. police policy allowing officers to assist ICE in certain circumstances was tied to the presidential emergency. Over the past month, police were frequently accompanied by ICE agents while on patrol.
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Trump declared his D.C. emergency on Aug. 11, invoking the part of the Home Rule Act that gives the president the power to direct the D.C. mayor to provide him or her with “such services of the Metropolitan Police force as the President may deem necessary and appropriate” for up to 30 days, or longer with Congress’s approval. The mayor, in turn, “shall provide” those services — leaving the city no choice but to comply.
Separate from the emergency declaration, Trump also surged federal law enforcement presence in D.C. and ordered in the D.C. National Guard, which he controls.
The city looked different for residents during the emergency. D.C. police worked with federal law enforcement to seize illegal guns and make other arrests — an escalation of the long-established, routine collaboration between D.C. and the feds. National Guard troops from D.C. and several states with Republican governors dotted the city’s Metro stations and the touristy areas along the National Mall. D.C.’s court system stayed up past typical hours under a crush of prosecutions. And many residents responded with defiance to what they saw as federal overreach, filming and yelling at masked ICE agents and gathering in the thousands for a protest last weekend.
Trump, outside a D.C. restaurant Tuesday evening, declared his intervention a success.
“It’s a safe city. I just want to thank the National Guard. We loved working with the mayor and the chief, and we all worked together, and the outcome is really spectacular. We have a capital that’s very, very safe right now,” he said.
As for what will happen to the National Guard, whose deployment in D.C. could stretch months longer, Bowser said it was her sense that the deployment will wind down as people get tired of it. Internal documents, reviewed and reported on by The Washington Post, showed that military officials have been briefed on the at-times negative public sentiments toward their D.C. operation — and are aware of the risks that the domestic mobilization poses to Americans’ trust in the military.
“My sense is that people will get weary,” Bowser said. “Guardsmen, the states where people have left — they will get weary, and they will want to know that they are serving their mission. And I think there’s going to be a useful life of such a deployment in the District, and I think that useful life is coming to an end.”
In one of the month’s most controversial shifts for residents, D.C. police’s relationship with ICE changed during the emergency period, alarming many in the deep-blue city whose laws and police department policies prevent local officers from enforcing immigration laws.
During the first week of the emergency, D.C. Police Chief Pamela A. Smith issued an order that officers would be allowed to help ICE transport detainees and could share information with ICE about people not in D.C. police custody, including at traffic stops. A department spokesperson framed the change as a clarification and emphasized that other D.C. police policies prohibiting collaboration with ICE remained on the books. But the order drew alarm from D.C.’s immigrant communities and advocates.
Late on the same day Smith issued her order, U.S. Attorney General Pam Bondi — Trump’s designee for requesting D.C.’s services during the emergency — issued an order of her own, unsatisfied with Smith’s policy change. Bondi demanded “full cooperation” from D.C. police with immigration enforcement, rescinding Smith’s new order and seeking to suspend several D.C. police policies that prohibit the department from sharing information with immigration authorities. D.C. officials challenged Bondi’s order in a lawsuit, and while a judge indicated that the city would probably have to comply with Bondi’s demands, the court never issued a final ruling.
Though the legal question was not fully resolved, the department’s apparent change in posture played out on D.C.’s streets, where ICE accompanied D.C. police as they enforced traffic laws on moped drivers delivering food, many of whom are immigrants. The joint patrols transformed routine traffic enforcement — which before Trump’s emergency often resulted in immediate releases — into a pipeline for moped drivers to land in ICE detention.
Now, with the end of the emergency, the Trump administration will no longer be able to compel D.C. police to cooperate with ICE, Bowser said. She emphasized in her Wednesday news conference that immigration enforcement would not be a focus for the local police.
“Immigration enforcement is not what [the Metropolitan Police Department] does. And with the end of the emergency, it won’t be what MPD does in the future,” Bowser said.
While the mayor stopped short of declaring that the police chief would rescind her order on assisting ICE, she said Wednesday that the order “goes with the emergency, and the emergency is over.”
The Trump administration requested some other services from D.C. during the emergency, Bowser officials said Wednesday, though neither the mayor’s office nor the White House has detailed a full list.
In response to an inquiry from The Post about those specific requests, D.C. Deputy Mayor for Public Safety and Justice Lindsey Appiah offered a broad statement about compliance with Bondi’s order.
“During the Presidential emergency, the District worked with the U.S. Attorney General Pamela Bondi and her designee on providing the services of the Metropolitan Police Department identified in the Attorney General’s order issued on August 15,” Appiah said. “Services in the order included assistance with the enforcement of federal immigration law; assistance in locating, apprehending, and detaining those unlawfully present in the United States; requests for information from a federal law enforcement entity; and the enforcement of unlawful occupancy of public spaces.”
A senior Bowser administration official said other specific requests from the federal government during the emergency were related to beautification, graffiti removal, crime analytics, homeless encampments assistance and river cleanup but did not provide further details about the specific asks.
As the emergency subsides, Bowser also acknowledged that local police would need to repair trust with residents, particularly immigrant communities that have been targeted by immigration enforcement — and who have seen D.C. police work alongside ICE agents.
“I can assure you we’re going to do everything possible” to rebuild trust, Bowser said. “I don’t know that it’s a one-and-done thing. I think that building community trust is a long-term commitment that we have in the District.”
Meagan Flynn, Tara Copp and Alex Horton contributed to this report.
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