Nairobi, the capital of Kenya, is a major economic and transport hub in East Africa, but 40% of its air pollution, a leading risk factor in the country, stems from their transport. 

Nairobi’s prime source of PM.2 concentrations come from its transport due to the aging of their vehicle fleets, unfit road networks, and improper application of vehicle emission standards, according to Clean Air Fund. 12.8% of residents are vehicle owners, and around 70% of residents use public transport, however a significant amount of daily travel is done through non-motorized transport (walking and cycling).

While Nairobi has experienced much growth in tourism and a 10.8% annual growth rate in their digital economy since 2016, the city possesses a deficient transport network, resulting in it being one of the most gridlocked cities globally. To target this issue, the city has created an Integrated Urban Development Master Plan (NUIPLAN), detailing steps forward to improve the public transit and road systems. The European Commission also contributed to the progression of their road systems by securing a €348 million financing agreement with Nairobi in 2023, to produce an electric bus rapid transit system in East Africa.

This June 2025, the Cabinet Secretary (CS) for the National Treasury in Kenya, John Mbadi, proposed Sh217.3 billion (1.68 billion dollars) to cater towards the further development of Kenya’s transport, distinguishing funds for road maintenance, construction of increased infrastructure, and expansion. The government’s plan of action is to accelerate the electric mobility transition, increase renewables, and decrease emissions.

Photo Source: shutterstock_621065480