Natural Gas Weekly Update - EIA
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Natural Gas Weekly Update </h2>
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<strong>for week ending September 27, 2023</strong>
| <strong>Release date:</strong> September 28, 2023 | <strong>Next release:</strong> October 5, 2023 |
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<!--<div class="tie_correction"><p>This article was updated on September 6, 2023, to a reflect a change in capacity additions so far in 2023 (6.8 GW instead of 6.6 GW), total 2023 capacity additions (8.6 GW instead of 8.4 GW), and CCGT plant capacity additions in 2022 and 2023 (12.4 GW instead of 11.9 GW).</p></div> -->
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<h2><a name="jm-trends" id="jm-trends"></a>In the News:</h2>
<p></p><h4>Natural gas combined-cycle power plants increased utilization with improved technology </h4>
<p>The average utilization rate, called <a href="https://www.eia.gov/tools/glossary/index.php?id=Capacity_factor">capaci… factor</a>, for the entire U.S. fleet of combined-cycle natural gas turbine (CCGT) electric power plants has been generally rising, increasing from 40% in 2008 to 57% in 2022, as the operating efficiency of new CCGT units has improved. The increased efficiency improved the competitiveness of newer CCGT units against other fuel sources, as well as older CCGT units, to generate electricity. </p>
<p>Two factors affect the utilization of a CCGT: the efficiency of the generator and the delivered cost of natural gas. More advanced <a href="https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=47556#:~:text=combined%…- and J-class natural gas turbine</a> technology entered the market in the early 2010s, contributing to an increase in the efficiency of newer natural gas-fired power plants. Lower natural gas prices typically lead to higher capacity factors at natural gas-fired power plants because the electricity generated becomes cheaper than other electricity generation sources, such as coal. In <a href="https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=9490">2012</a> and <a href="https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=24412">2015</a>, annual average capacity factors increased by more than seven percentage points in periods when the annual Henry Hub natural gas price declined. </p>
<p>Grid operators generally dispatch generators sequentially from lowest to highest cost. Because CCGT units built from 2010 to 2022 generally have the lowest operating costs, they are dispatched more frequently compared with older CCGT power plants. In 2022, the average capacity factor of CCGT units that began operations between 2010 and 2022 was 64% compared with 55% for those that began operations between 2000 and 2009 and 35% for units that began operations between 1990 and 1999.</p>
<p>About half of <a href="https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=54539">today’s CCGT capacity</a> was built from 2000 to 2006. This sudden increase in CCGT plants was in response to power shortages that occurred in the late 1990s, along with the introduction of new and more efficient <a href="https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=47556">first generation F-class natural gas turbines</a> to the market. Now, many of these CCGT plants are about 20 years old, which could lead to lower capacity factors as the units age. </p>
<p>Lower heat rates reflect the increased efficiency of newer CCGT power plants. Heat rate is the ratio of the amount of fuel required to generate a unit of electricity. CCGT power plants built between 2010 and 2022 demonstrate the lowest average heat rate among the entire fleet at 6,960 British thermal units per kilowatthour (Btu/kWh) in 2022, which is 7% lower than units built between 2000 and 2009. The average heat rate in 2022 for plants built between 2000 and 2009 was just under 7,479 Btu/kWh. This average heat rate is about 17% lower than the average heat rate of units built between 1990 and 1999. </p>
<a href=""></a>
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<h2><a name="jm-market" id="jm-market"></a>Market Highlights:</h2>
<em>(For the week ending Wednesday, September 27, 2023)</em>
<p></p><h4>Prices</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>Henry Hub spot price: </strong>The Henry Hub spot price fell 6 cents from $2.77 per million British thermal units (MMBtu) last Wednesday to $2.71/MMBtu yesterday. </li>
<li><strong>Henry Hub futures price: </strong>The October 2023 NYMEX contract expired yesterday at $2.764/MMBtu, up 3 cents from last Wednesday. The price of the November 2023 NYMEX contract, which represents the first month of sales of natural gas for winter heating season delivery, decreased to $2.899/MMBtu, down 2 cents from last Wednesday to yesterday. The price of the 12-month strip averaging November 2023 through October 2024 futures contracts declined 1 cent to $3.220/MMBtu. </li>
<li><strong>Select regional spot prices: </strong>Natural gas spot price changes at major pricing hubs were mixed this report week (Wednesday, September 20, to Wednesday, September 27), decreasing at Henry Hub and major hubs west of the Rocky Mountains, but increasing at eastern hubs. Price changes ranged from a decrease of $1.15/MMBtu at SoCal Citygate to an increase of $0.27/MMBtu at Eastern Gas South near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. </li>
<ul>
<li>Below-average temperatures in the Northeast led to increased demand for space heating while prices also increased this report week. At Algonquin Citygate, which serves <a href="https://www.eia.gov/dashboard/newengland/overview">Boston-area consumers</a>, the price increased 15 cents from $1.36/MMBtu last Wednesday to $1.51/MMBtu yesterday. At the Transcontinental Pipeline Zone 6 trading point for New York City, the price rose 20 cents from $1.08/MMBtu last Wednesday to $1.28/MMBtu yesterday. In the <a href="https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=box">Boston-Area</a>, temperatures averaged 60°F this week, resulting in 34 heating <a href="https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/units-and-calculators/degree-days.p… days</a> (HDD), 7 more HDDs than normal and 33 more than last week. Temperatures in the <a href="https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=okx">New York-Central Park Area</a> averaged 61°F this week, 5°F below normal, resulting in 26 HDDs, 13 HDDs more than normal and 24 more than last week. Natural gas consumption in the residential and commercial sector in the Northeast rose 20% (0.6 billion cubic feet per day [Bcf/d]) this week, according to data from S&P Global Commodity Insights. </li>
<li>Prices on the West Coast decreased this report week, and prices in all major western markets fell below $3.00/MMBtu, except at PG&E Citygate in Northern California. The price at PG&E Citygate in Northern California fell 29 cents, down from $3.54/MMBtu last Wednesday to $3.25/MMBtu yesterday, and at SoCal Citygate in <a href="https://www.eia.gov/special/disruptions/socal/summer/">Southern California</a>, the price decreased $1.15 from $4.13/MMBtu last Wednesday to $2.98/MMBtu yesterday. Temperatures in the <a href="https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=sgx">Riverside Area</a>, east of Los Angeles, averaged 72°F this week, 3°F below normal, resulting in 48 cooling degree days (CDD), or 20 CDDs below normal. On Wednesday, September 27, the Southern California Gas Company (SoCalGas) <a href="https://www.socalgasenvoy.com/ebb/attachments/1695780661666_SYSIMPT.pdf… in the Aliso Canyon storage field for planned maintenance</a> for approximately two weeks, reducing the ability to inject more natural gas into the caverns by 0.4 Bcf/d. Inventories at Aliso Canyon have been building since September 1, following the California Public Utility Commission’s decision on August 31 to increase working natural gas storage capacity at the facility. As of September 26, <a href="https://www.socalgasenvoy.com/index.jsp#nav=/Public/ViewExternal.showHo… at Aliso Canyon</a> were about 48.2 billion cubic feet (Bcf), about 19% (7.7 Bcf) more than at the end of August. </li>
<li>The price at the Waha Hub in West Texas, which is located near Permian Basin production activities, increased 5 cents this report week from $1.76/MMBtu last Wednesday to $1.81/MMBtu yesterday. The Waha Hub traded 90 cents below the Henry Hub price yesterday, compared with last Wednesday when it traded $1.01 below the Henry Hub price. The price rose despite the start of <a href="https://pipeline2.kindermorgan.com/Notices/NoticeDetail.aspx?code=PHP&n… maintenance</a> yesterday on the Permian Highway Pipeline (PHP), which delivers natural gas from the Permian production region to the U.S. Gulf Coast. The maintenance will reduce available takeaway capacity on the PHP by 0.3 Bcf/d until Monday, October 2. The price at the Houston Ship Channel increased 5 cents from $2.41/MMBtu last Wednesday to $2.46/MMBtu yesterday. Natural gas consumption in Texas increased 4% (0.5 Bcf/d) week over week, led by a 9% (0.6 Bcf/d) increase in electric power sector consumption, according to data from S&P Global Commodity Insights. Temperatures in the <a href="https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=hgx">Houston Area</a> averaged 85°F this week, which resulted in 142 CDDs, 25 more CDDs than last week and 47 more than normal.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Daily spot prices by region are available on the <a href="https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/prices.php">EIA website</a>.</strong></p>
<li><strong>International futures prices: </strong>International natural gas futures prices increased this report week. According to Bloomberg Finance, L.P., weekly average front-month futures prices for liquefied natural gas (LNG) cargoes in East Asia increased 80 cents to a weekly average of $14.63/MMBtu. Natural gas futures for delivery at the Title Transfer Facility (TTF) in the Netherlands increased $1.32 to a weekly average of $12.61/MMBtu, the highest weekly average since late April. In the same week last year (week ending September 28, 2022), the prices were $39.77/MMBtu in East Asia and $53.45/MMBtu at TTF. </li>
<li><strong>Natural gas plant liquids (NGPL) prices: </strong>The natural gas plant liquids composite price at Mont Belvieu, Texas, fell by 47 cents/MMBtu, averaging $7.41/MMBtu for the week ending September 27. Weekly average ethane prices fell 11%, while weekly average natural gas prices at the Houston Ship Channel fell 2% week over week, narrowing the ethane premium to natural gas by 21%. Ethylene spot prices remained relatively unchanged, widening the ethylene premium to ethane by 11%. The average weekly propane price fell 6%, while the Brent crude oil price fell 1%. The propane discount relative to crude oil rose 4%. The normal butane price fell 5%, and the isobutane price and natural gasoline price both fell 3%.</li>
</ul>
<!--<!--<p class="do-not-print"> <a href="/dnav/ng/ng_sum_lsum_dcu_nus_m.htm">more summary data</a></p>-->
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<p></p><h4><a name="jm-supply" id="jm-supply"></a>Supply and Demand</h4>
<a href=""></a>
<ul>
<li><strong>Supply: </strong>According to data from S&P Global Commodity Insights, the average total supply of natural gas rose by 0.1% (0.1 Bcf/d) compared with the previous report week. Dry natural gas production remained unchanged at an average 101.2 Bcf/d, and average net imports from Canada increased by 2.0% (0.1 Bcf/d) from last week. </li>
<li><strong>Demand: </strong>Total U.S. consumption of natural gas rose by 1.3% (0.9 Bcf/d) compared with the previous report week, according to data from S&P Global Commodity Insights. Natural gas consumed for power generation rose by 1.2% (0.4 Bcf/d) week over week. Industrial sector consumption decreased by 1.0% (0.2 Bcf/d), and residential and commercial sector consumption increased by 7.4% (0.6 Bcf/d). Natural gas exports to Mexico increased by 1.5% (0.1 Bcf/d). Natural gas deliveries to U.S. LNG export facilities (LNG pipeline receipts) averaged 11.8 Bcf/d, or 1.2 Bcf/d lower than last week.</li>
</ul>
<a href="#jm-top">Top</a>
<p></p><h4><a name="jm-lng" id="jm-lng"></a>Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>Pipeline receipts: </strong>Average natural gas deliveries to U.S. LNG export terminals decreased by 9.1% (1.2 Bcf/d) week over week, averaging 11.8 Bcf/d, according to data from S&P Global Commodity Insights. Natural gas deliveries to terminals in South Louisiana decreased by 3.2% (0.3 Bcf/d) to 7.8 Bcf/d, while deliveries to terminals in South Texas decreased by 7.4% (0.3 Bcf/d) to 3.7 Bcf/d. Natural gas deliveries to terminals outside the Gulf Coast decreased 67.6% (0.6 Bcf/d) to 0.3 Bcf/d. Natural gas deliveries to the Cove Point LNG terminal in Maryland fell to zero this week because the facility is <a href="https://dekaflow.bhegts.com/jsp/info_post.jsp?&company=cpl">undergoing annual maintenance</a>. </li>
<li><strong>Vessels departing U.S. ports: </strong>Twenty-one LNG vessels (eight from Sabine Pass; four from Cameron; and three each from Calcasieu Pass, Corpus Christi, and Freeport) with a combined LNG-carrying capacity of 79 Bcf departed the United States between September 21 and September 27, according to shipping data provided by Bloomberg Finance, L.P.</li>
</ul>
<a href="#jm-top">Top</a>
<p></p><h4><a name="jm-rigs" id="jm-rigs"></a>Rig Count</h4>
<ul>
<li>According to Baker Hughes, for the week ending Tuesday, September 19, the natural gas rig count decreased by 3 from a week ago to 118 rigs, as the Haynesville dropped 2 rigs and 1 rig was dropped among unidentified producing regions. The number of oil-directed rigs decreased by 8 from a week ago to 507 rigs. The Ardmore Woodford and Granite Wash each added one rig, the Cana Woodford dropped one rig, the Permian dropped five rigs, and four rigs were dropped among unidentified producing regions. The total rig count, which includes 5 miscellaneous rigs, stands at 630 rigs, 134 fewer than last year at this time. </li>
</ul>
<a href="#jm-top">Top</a>
<p></p><h4><a name="jm-storage" id="jm-storage"></a>Storage</h4>
<ul>
<li>Net injections into storage totaled 90 Bcf for the week ending September 22, compared with the five-year (2018–2022) average net injections of 84 Bcf and last year's net injections of 103 Bcf during the same week. Working natural gas stocks totaled 3,359 Bcf, which is 189 Bcf (6%) more than the five-year average and 397 Bcf (13%) more than last year at this time. </li>
<li>According to <em>The Desk</em> survey of natural gas analysts, estimates of the weekly net change to working natural gas stocks ranged from net injections of 84 Bcf to 102 Bcf, with a median estimate of 90 Bcf.</li>
<li>The average rate of injections into storage is 7% lower than the five-year average so far in the refill season (April through October). If the rate of injections into storage matched the five-year average of 10.9 Bcf/d for the remainder of the refill season, the total inventory would be 3,784 Bcf on October 31, which is 189 Bcf higher than the five-year average of 3,595 Bcf for that time of year.</li>
</ul>
<a href=""></a>
<strong>More storage data and analysis can be found on the</strong> <em><a href="https://www.eia.gov/naturalgas/storage/dashboard/">Natural Gas Storage Dashboard</a></em><strong> and the</strong> <em><a href="http://ir.eia.gov/ngs/ngs.html">Weekly Natural Gas Storage Report</a></em>.
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<h4><a name="jm-omd" id="jm-omd"></a></h4>
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<p class="do-not-print">See also:</p>
<ul class="do-not-print">
<li> <a href="/naturalgas/reports.cfm">Natural Gas Analysis Reports</a></li>
<li> <a href="/forecasts/steo">Short-Term Energy Outlook</a></li>
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<div id="ngwu_left_column">
<div style="height:15px;"></div>
<div class="page_tabs" id="sector1">
<ul>
<li><a href="#itn-tabs-0">Annual capacity factors</a></li><li><a href="#itn-tabs-1">2022 capacity factor</a></li><li><a href="#itn-tabs-2">Heat rate </a></li> </ul>
<div id="itn-tabs-0">
<img src="img/20230928_itn1.png" style="width: 100%" alt="Annualized capacity factor of U.S. combined-cycle natural gas turbine power plants (2008–2022)" /><span style="font-size: 10px; margin-left:10px;"><span class="source" style="color:#000; font-size: 9pt;">Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-860M,
<a href="/electricity/data/eia860//"><em>Monthly Electric Power Industry Report</em></a></br> </span></span><div style="clear:left"></div>
</div>
<div id="itn-tabs-1">
<img src="img/20230928_itn2.png" style="width: 100%" alt="Permian region monthly average natural gas production per well (2017–2023)" /><span style="font-size: 10px; margin-left:10px;"><span class="source" style="color:#000; font-size: 9pt;">Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-860M,
<a href="/electricity/data/eia860//"><em>Monthly Electric Power Industry Report</em></a></br> </span></span><div style="clear:left"></div>
</div>
<div id="itn-tabs-2">
<img src="img/20230928_itn3.png" style="width: 100%" alt="2022 average heat rate of U.S. combined cycle natural gas turbine power plants by operation start date" /><span style="font-size: 10px; margin-left:10px;"><span class="source" style="color:#000; font-size: 9pt;">Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-860M,
<a href="/electricity/data/eia860//"><em>Monthly Electric Power Industry Report</em></a></br> </span></span><div style="clear:left"></div>
</div></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="page_tabs" id="prices">
<ul>
<li><a href="#tabs-prices-1">Spot prices</a></li>
<li><a href="#tabs-prices-2">Spot prices table</a></li>
<li><a href="#tabs-prices-3">NYMEX prices</a></li>
<li><a href="#tabs-prices-4">NGPL prices</a></li>
</ul>
<div id="tabs-prices-1" class="image-container">
<img src="img/20230928_NGSP.png" alt="Natural gas spot prices" class="responsive"/>
</div>
<div id="tabs-prices-2">
<!--Table option 1 used for regular manual update>
<table class="simpletable ngwu_tables">
<thead>
<tr>
<th width="266"><strong>Spot Prices ($/MMBtu)</strong></th>
<th width="77"><div align="center"><strong>Thu,<br>
31-Aug</strong></div></th>
<th width="77"><div align="center"><strong>Fri,<br>
1-Sep</strong></div></th>
<th width="77"><div align="center"><strong>Mon,<br>
4-Sep</strong></div></th>
<th width="77"><div align="center"><strong>Tue,<br>
5-Sep</strong></div></th>
<th width="77"><div align="center"><strong>Wed,<br>
6-Sep</strong></div></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td><strong>Henry Hub</strong></td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.57</td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.66</td>
<td width="77" align="right">Holiday</td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.60</td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.49</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>New York</strong></td>
<td align="right">1.44</td>
<td align="right">1.91</td>
<td align="right">Holiday</td>
<td align="right">2.11</td>
<td align="right">2.13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Chicago</strong></td>
<td align="right">2.36</td>
<td align="right">2.31</td>
<td align="right">Holiday</td>
<td align="right">2.32</td>
<td align="right">2.26</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Cal. Comp. Avg.*</strong></td>
<td align="right">2.91</td>
<td align="right">2.64</td>
<td align="right">Holiday</td>
<td align="right">2.61</td>
<td align="right">2.92</td>
</tr>
</tbody><thead>
<tr>
<th colspan="6"><strong>Futures ($/MMBtu)</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>October Contract</strong></td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.768</td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.765</td>
<td width="77" align="right">Holiday</td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.582</td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.510</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>November Contract</strong></td>
<td align="right">3.147</td>
<td align="right">3.111</td>
<td align="right">Holiday</td>
<td align="right">2.991</td>
<td align="right">2.943</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="6">*Avg. of NGI's reported prices for: Malin, PG&E Citygate, and Southern California Border Avg.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="6">Data source: NGI's Daily Gas Price Index</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>-->
<!--------------------------------------------------------------------------->
<!--Table option 2 used for manual update when there is a day with no data due to a holiday>
-->
<!--<table class="simpletable ngwu_tables">
<thead>
<tr>
<th width="236"><strong>Spot Prices ($/MMBtu)</strong></th>
<th width="79"><div ><strong>Thu,<br>
15-Jun</strong></div></th>
<th width="77"><div ><strong>Fri,<br>
16-Jun</strong></div></th>
<th width="77"><div ><strong>Mon,<br>
19-Jun</strong></div></th>
<th width="77"><div ><strong>Tue,<br>
20-Jun</strong></div></th>
<th width="77"><div ><strong>Wed,<br>
21-Jun</strong></div></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td><strong>Henry Hub</strong></td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.17</td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.14</td>
<td width="77" align="right">Holiday</td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.39</td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.23</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>New York</strong></td>
<td align="right">1.39</td>
<td align="right">1.36</td>
<td align="right">Holiday</td>
<td align="right">1.33</td>
<td align="right">1.34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Chicago</strong></td>
<td align="right">2.04</td>
<td align="right">2.03</td>
<td align="right">Holiday</td>
<td align="right">2.28</td>
<td align="right">2.17</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Cal. Comp. Avg.*</strong></td>
<td align="right">2.35</td>
<td align="right">2.34</td>
<td align="right">Holiday</td>
<td align="right">2.66</td>
<td align="right">2.48</td>
</tr>
</tbody><thead>
<tr>
<th colspan="6"><strong>Futures ($/MMBtu)</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>July Contract</strong></td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.533</td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.632</td>
<td width="77" align="right">Holiday</td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.492</td>
<td width="77" align="right">2.597</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>August Contract</strong></td>
<td align="right">2.609</td>
<td align="right">2.721</td>
<td align="right">Holiday</td>
<td align="right">2.570</td>
<td align="right">2.677</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="6" class="no-border">*Avg. of NGI's reported prices for: Malin, PG&E Citygate, and Southern California Border Avg.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="6" class="no-border">Source: NGI's Daily Gas Price Index</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>-->
<!--------------------------------------------------------------------------->
<!--Table option 3 used for "normal" processing when data are updated dynamically by the NGWU Builder program> -->
<table class="simpletable ngwu_tables">
<thead>
<tr>
<th width="140px"><strong>Spot Prices ($/MMBtu)</strong></th>
<th width="42px"><div align="center"><strong>Thu,<br />
21-Sep</strong></div></th>
<th width="42px"><div align="center"><strong>Fri,<br />
22-Sep</strong></div></th>
<th width="42px"><div align="center"><strong>Mon,<br />
25-Sep</strong></div></th>
<th width="42px"><div align="center"><strong>Tue,<br />
26-Sep</strong></div></th>
<th width="42px"><div align="center"><strong>Wed,<br />
27-Sep</strong></div></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tr>
<td><strong>Henry Hub</strong></td>
<td><div align="center">
2.70 </div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.61</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.61</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.60</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.71</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>New York</strong></td>
<td><div align="center">
0.94 </div></td>
<td><div align="center">0.79</div></td>
<td><div align="center">1.33</div></td>
<td><div align="center">1.34</div></td>
<td><div align="center">1.28</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Chicago</strong></td>
<td><div align="center">
2.19 </div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.11</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.18</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.22</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.27</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Cal. Comp. Avg.*</strong></td>
<td><div align="center">
2.57 </div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.51</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.68</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.78</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.59</div></td>
</tr>
<thead>
<tr>
<th colspan="6"><strong>Futures ($/MMBtu)</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tr>
<td><strong>October contract</strong></td>
<td><div align="center">2.610</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.637</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.639</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.656</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.764</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>November contract</strong></td>
<td><div align="center">
2.840 </div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.879</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.906</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.845</div></td>
<td><div align="center">2.899</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="6">*Avg. of NGI's reported prices for: Malin, PG&E Citygate, and Southern California Border Avg.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="6" class="no-border">Data source: NGI's Daily Gas Price Index</td>
</tr>
</table>
<!--------------------------------------------------------------------------->
<!--Table option 4 needed only about once a year)
Manual update for holiday schedule: Three tables-->
<!--<table class="simpletable ngwu_tables">
<thead>
<tr>
<th width="237"><strong>Spot Prices ($/MMBtu)</strong></th>
<th width="67"><div align="center"><strong>Thu,<br>
21-Nov</strong></div></th>
<th width="67"><div align="center"><strong>Fri,<br>
22-Nov</strong></div></th>
<th width="67"><div align="center"><strong>Mon,<br>
25-Nov</strong></div></th>
<th width="67"><div align="center"><strong>Tue,<br>
26-Nov</strong></div></th>
<th width="67"><div align="center"><strong>Wed,<br>
27-Nov</strong></div></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td><strong>Henry Hub</strong></td>
<td width="71">2.48</td>
<td width="71">2.56</td>
<td width="71">2.44</td>
<td width="71">2.35</td>
<td width="71">2.33</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>New York</strong></td>
<td>2.52</td>
<td>2.56</td>
<td>2.32</td>
<td>2.24</td>
<td>2.40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Chicago</strong></td>
<td>2.41</td>
<td>2.48</td>
<td>2.33</td>
<td>2.25</td>
<td>2.25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Cal. Comp. Avg,*</strong></td>
<td>4.56</td>
<td>4.73</td>
<td>4.41</td>
<td>4.27</td>
<td>4.31</td>
</tr>
</tbody><thead>
<tr>
<th colspan="6"><strong>Futures ($/MMBtu)</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>December Contract</strong></td>
<td width="71">2.567</td>
<td width="71">2.665</td>
<td width="71">2.531</td>
<td width="71">2.470</td>
<td width="71">Expired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>January Contract</strong></td>
<td>2.662</td>
<td>2.710</td>
<td>2.584</td>
<td>2.553</td>
<td>2.501</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>February Contract</strong></td>
<td>2.569</td>
<td>2.655</td>
<td>2.541</td>
<td>2.501</td>
<td>2.470</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="6">*Avg. of NGI's reported prices for: Malin, PG&E Citygate, and Southern California Border Avg.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="6" class="no-border"><span class="source">Source: NGI's Daily Gas Price Index</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>-->
<!--<table class="simpletable ngwu_tables">
<thead>
<tr>
<th width="237"><strong>Spot Prices ($/MMBtu)</strong></th>
<th width="73"><div align="center"><strong>Thu,<br>
28-Nov</strong></div></th>
<th width="67"><div align="center"><strong>Fri,<br>
29-Nov</strong></div></th>
<th width="67"><div align="center"><strong>Mon,<br>
2-Dec</strong></div></th>
<th width="67"><div align="center"><strong>Tue,<br>
3-Dec</strong></div></th>
<th width="67"><div align="center"><strong>Wed,<br>
4-Dec</strong></div></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td><strong>Henry Hub</strong></td>
<td width="71">Holiday</td>
<td width="71">Closed</td>
<td width="71">2.25</td>
<td width="71">2.40</td>
<td width="71">2.37</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>New York</strong></td>
<td>Holiday</td>
<td>Closed</td>
<td>2.41</td>
<td>2.49</td>
<td>2.36</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Chicago</strong></td>
<td>Holiday</td>
<td>Closed</td>
<td>2.13</td>
<td>2.24</td>
<td>2.19</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Cal. Comp. Avg,*</strong></td>
<td>Holiday</td>
<td>Closed</td>
<td>3.77</td>
<td>3.78</td>
<td>3.71</td>
</tr>
</tbody><thead>
<tr>
<th colspan="6"><strong>Futures ($/MMBtu)</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>January Contract</strong></td>
<td width="71">Holiday</td>
<td width="71">Closed</td>
<td width="71">2.329</td>
<td width="71">2.441</td>
<td width="71">2.339</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>February Contract</strong></td>
<td>Holiday</td>
<td>Closed</td>
<td>2.308</td>
<td>2.405</td>
<td>2.374</td>
</tr>
<!-- <tr>
<td><strong>November Contract</strong></td>
<td>2.901</td>
<td>2.939</td>
<td>Holiday</td>
<td>2.842</td>
<td>2.813</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="6">*Avg. of NGI's reported prices for: Malin, PG&E Citygate, and Southern California Border Avg.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="6" class="no-border"><span class="source">Source: NGI's Daily Gas Price Index</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>-->
</div>
<div id="tabs-prices-3" class="image-container">
<img src="img/20230928_NGFP.png" alt="Natural gas futures prices" class="responsive"/>
</div>
<div id="tabs-prices-4" class="image-container">
<img src="img/20230928_NGLSP.png" alt="Natural gas liquids spot prices" class="responsive"/>
</div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="page_tabs" id="supply">
<ul>
<li><a href="#tabs-supply-1">Supply table</a></li>
<li><a href="#tabs-supply-2">Demand table</a></li>
<li><a href="#tabs-supply-3">Daily supply/demand graph</a></li>
</ul>
<div id="tabs-supply-1">
<table class="simpletable ngwu_tables">
<tr>
<th colspan="4"><strong>U.S. natural gas supply - Gas Week: (9/21/23 - 9/27/23)</strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="no-border"><strong></strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><div align="center">Average daily values (billion cubic feet)</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="130" class="no-border"></td>
<td><div align="center"><strong>this week</strong></div></td>
<td><div align="center"><strong>last week</strong></div></td>
<td><div align="center"><strong>last year</strong></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Marketed production</td>
<td><div align="center">114.3</div></td>
<td><div align="center">114.2</div></td>
<td><div align="center">112.9</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Dry production</td>
<td><div align="center">101.2</div></td>
<td><div align="center">101.2</div></td>
<td><div align="center">99.6</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Net Canada imports</td>
<td><div align="center">4.8</div></td>
<td><div align="center">4.7</div></td>
<td><div align="center">6.0</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LNG pipeline deliveries</td>
<td><div align="center">0.1</div></td>
<td><div align="center">0.1</div></td>
<td><div align="center">0.1</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Total supply</td>
<td><div align="center">106.1</div></td>
<td><div align="center">105.9</div></td>
<td><div align="center">105.7</div></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4" class="no-border">
<p><span class="source" style="color: black">Data source: S&P Global Commodity Insights<br/>
Note: This table reflects any data revisions that may have occurred since the previous week's posting. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) pipeline deliveries represent natural gas sendout from LNG import terminals.</span></p></td></tr>
</table> </div>
<div id="tabs-supply-2">
<table class="simpletable ngwu_tables">
<tr>
<th colspan="4"><strong>U.S. natural gas consumption - Gas Week: (9/21/23 - 9/27/23)</strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="no-border"><strong></strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><div align="center">Average daily values (billion cubic feet)</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="no-border"></td>
<td><div align="center"><strong>this week</strong></div></td>
<td><div align="center"><strong>last week</strong></div></td>
<td><div align="center"><strong>last year</strong></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U.S. consumption</td>
<td><div align="center">68.4</div></td>
<td><div align="center">67.5</div></td>
<td><div align="center">66.9</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> Power</td>
<td><div align="center">37.3</div></td>
<td><div align="center">36.9</div></td>
<td><div align="center">35.9</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> Industrial</td>
<td><div align="center">21.7</div></td>
<td><div align="center">22.0</div></td>
<td><div align="center">21.3</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> Residential/commercial</td>
<td><div align="center">9.4</div></td>
<td><div align="center">8.7</div></td>
<td><div align="center">9.7</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mexico exports</td>
<td><div align="center">6.5</div></td>
<td><div align="center">6.4</div></td>
<td><div align="center">5.8</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline fuel use/losses</td>
<td><div align="center">6.8</div></td>
<td><div align="center">6.8</div></td>
<td><div align="center">6.6</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LNG pipeline receipts</td>
<td><div align="center">11.8</div></td>
<td><div align="center">13.0</div></td>
<td><div align="center">11.5</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Total demand</td>
<td><div align="center">93.6</div></td>
<td><div align="center">93.8</div></td>
<td><div align="center">90.9</div></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4" class="no-border">
<p><span class="source" style="color: black">Data source: S&P Global Commodity Insights<br/>
Note: This table reflects any data revisions that may have occurred since the previous week's posting. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) pipeline receipts represent pipeline deliveries to LNG export terminals.</span></p></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<div id="tabs-supply-3" class="image-container">
<img src="img/20230928_supply.png" alt="Natural gas supply" class="responsive"/>
</div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="page_tabs" id="rigs">
<ul>
<li><a href="#tabs-rigs-1">Rigs graph</a></li>
<li><a href="#tabs-rigs-2">Rigs table</a></li>
</ul>
<div id="tabs-rigs-1" class="image-container">
<img src="img/20230928_rigs.png" alt="Weekly natural gas rig count and average Henry Hub" class="responsive"/>
<div style="clear:left"></div>
</div>
<div id="tabs-rigs-2">
<table class="simpletable ngwu_tables">
<tr>
<th width="33%"><strong>Rigs</strong></th>
<th width="29%" ><div align="center"></div> </th>
<th colspan="2" width="50%"><div align="center"></div></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="33%" class="no-border"></td>
<td rowspan="2"><div align="center"><strong>
<!-- January 29, 2021 -->
Tue, September 19, 2023 </strong></div></td>
<td colspan="2"><div align="center"><strong>Change from</strong></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="33%"> </td>
<td width="20%"><div align="center">last week</div></td>
<td width="20%"><div align="center">last year</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Oil rigs</td>
<td bgcolor="#F2F2F2"><div align="center">507</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-1.6%</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-15.8%</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Natural gas rigs</td>
<td bgcolor="#F2F2F2"><div align="center">118</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-2.5%</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-26.3%</div></td>
<!--tr>
<td>Miscellaneous</td>
<td bgcolor="#F2F2F2"><div align="center"></div></td>
<td><div align="center">%</div></td>
<td><div align="center">%</div></td>
</tr-->
<tr><td colspan="4" class="no-border"><span class="source" style="color: black">Note: Excludes any miscellaneous rigs</span></td></tr>
</table>
<table class="simpletable ngwu_tables">
<tr>
<th width="33%"><strong>Rig numbers by type</strong></th>
<th width="29%" ><div align="center"></div> </th>
<th colspan="2" width="50%"><div align="center"></div></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="33%" class="no-border"></td>
<td rowspan="2"><div align="center"><strong>
<!-- January 29, 2021 -->
Tue, September 19, 2023</strong></div></td>
<td colspan="2"><div align="center"><strong>Change from</strong></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="33%"> </td>
<td width="20%"><div align="center">last week</div></td>
<td width="20%"><div align="center">last year</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vertical</td>
<td bgcolor="#F2F2F2"><div align="center">16</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-5.9%</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-36.0%</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Horizontal</td>
<td bgcolor="#F2F2F2"><div align="center">558</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-1.6%</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-19.5%</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Directional</td>
<td bgcolor="#F2F2F2"><div align="center">56</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-1.8%</div></td>
<td><div align="center">21.7%</div></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4" class="no-border"><span class="source" style="color: black">Data source: Baker Hughes Company</span></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="page_tabs" id="storage">
<ul>
<li><a href="#tabs-storage-1">Storage graph</a></li>
<li><a href="#tabs-storage-2">Stocks table</a></li>
<li><a href="#tabs-storage-3">History table</a></li>
</ul>
<div id="tabs-storage-1">
<!-- <div class="tie_correction">
<p>This section will be updated tomorrow due to the holiday this week.</p>
</div> -->
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<div id="tabs-storage-2">
<!-- <div class="tie_correction">
<p>This section will be updated tomorrow due to the holiday this week.</p>
</div> -->
<style>
span.red {color: red; font-weight:bold; float:none;}
</style>
<table class="simpletable ngwu_tables">
<tr>
<th colspan="5" ><strong>Working gas in underground storage</strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="no-border"></td>
<td colspan="3" style="border-right:9px solid white;"><div align="center" style="vertical-align:bottom"><strong>Stocks</strong><br />billion cubic feet (Bcf)</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Region</strong></td>
<td><div align="center"><strong>2023-09-22</strong></div></td>
<td><div align="center"><strong>2023-09-15</strong></div></td>
<td style="border-right:9px solid white;"><div align="center"><strong>change</strong></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>East</td>
<td bgcolor="#F2F2F2"><div align="center">821</div></td>
<td><div align="center">793</div></td>
<td style="border-right:9px solid white;"><div align="center">28</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Midwest <!--West--></td>
<td bgcolor="#F2F2F2"><div align="center">962</div></td>
<td><div align="center">931</div> </td>
<td style="border-right:9px solid white;"><div align="center">31</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mountain <!--Producing--></td>
<td bgcolor="#F2F2F2"><div align="center"> 234</div></td>
<td><div align="center"> 228</div></td>
<td style="border-right:9px solid white;"><div align="center">6</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pacific</td>
<td bgcolor="#F2F2F2"><div align="center">271</div></td>
<td><div align="center">263 </div></td>
<td style="border-right:9px solid white;"><div align="center">8</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>South Central</td>
<td bgcolor="#F2F2F2"><div align="center">1,071<!-- <font color="#a33340">C</font>--></div></td>
<td><div align="center">1,053 <!-- <font color="#a33340">R</font>--></div></td>
<td style="border-right:9px solid white;"><div align="center">18</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Total</td>
<td bgcolor="#F2F2F2"><div align="center"> 3,359<!-- <font color="#a33340">C</font>--></div></td>
<td><div align="center">3,269 <!-- <font color="#a33340">R</font>--></div></td>
<td style="border-right:9px solid white;"><div align="center">90</div></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="5" class="no-border">
<!--<font color="#a33340"><b>R=Revised</b></font>.
<p>The reported revision caused the stocks for January 20, 2023 to change from 2,729 Bcf to 2,734 Bcf. As a result, the implied net change between the weeks ending January 13 and January 20 changed from -91 Bcf to -86 Bcf.</p>-->
<span class="source" style="color: black">Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration Form EIA-912, <i><a href="https://ir.eia.gov/ngs/ngs.html">Weekly Underground Natural Gas Storage Report</a></i>
<!--The notation below is permanent for this table. Do not delete it-->
<br />Note: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding.
<!-- <br />
<font color="#a33340">R</font>=Revised <br />The reported revision caused the stocks for June 30, 2023 to change from 2,877 Bcf to 2,881 Bcf. As a result, the implied net change between the weeks ending June 23 and June 30 changed from 72 Bcf to 76 Bcf.-->
</span></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<div id="tabs-storage-3">
<!-- <div class="tie_correction">
<p>This section will be updated tomorrow due to the holiday this week.</p>
</div> -->
<table class="simpletable ngwu_tables">
<tr>
<th colspan="6" ><strong>Working gas in underground storage</strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" class="no-border"></td>
<td colspan="4" ><div align="center">Historical comparisons</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="border-right:9px solid white;"><div align="center"><strong>Year ago</strong> <br />
(9/22/22)</div></td>
<td colspan="2" ><div align="center"><strong>5-year average</strong> <br />
(2018-2022) </div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Region</strong></td>
<td><div align="center"><strong>Stocks</strong> (Bcf)</div></td>
<td><div align="center"><strong>% change</strong></div></td>
<td><div align="center"><strong>Stocks</strong> (Bcf)</div></td>
<td><div align="center"><strong>% change</strong></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>East</td>
<td><div align="center">717</div></td>
<td><div align="center">14.5</div></td>
<td><div align="center">778</div></td>
<td><div align="center">5.5</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Midwest<!--West--></td>
<td><div align="center">874</div></td>
<td><div align="center">10.1</div></td>
<td><div align="center">914</div></td>
<td><div align="center">5.3</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mountain <!--Producing--></td>
<td><div align="center">175</div></td>
<td><div align="center">33.7</div></td>
<td><div align="center">194</div></td>
<td><div align="center">20.6</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pacific</td>
<td><div align="center">242</div></td>
<td><div align="center">12.0</div></td>
<td><div align="center">269</div></td>
<td><div align="center">0.7</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>South Central</td>
<td><div align="center">955</div></td>
<td><div align="center">12.1</div></td>
<td><div align="center">1,015</div></td>
<td><div align="center">5.5</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Total</td>
<td><div align="center">2,962</div></td>
<td><div align="center">13.4</div></td>
<td><div align="center">3,170</div></td>
<td><div align="center">6.0</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="6" class="no-border"><span class="source" style="color: black">Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration Form EIA-912, <i><a href="https://ir.eia.gov/ngs/ngs.html">Weekly Underground Natural Gas Storage Report</a></i>
<!--The notation below is permanent for this table. Do not delete it-->
<br />Note: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding.
</span></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="page_tabs" id="temperatures">
<ul>
<li><a href="#tabs-temp-1">Temperature table</a></li>
<li><a href="#tabs-temp-2">Average temperature</a></li>
<li><a href="#tabs-temp-3">Deviation from normal</a></li>
</ul>
<div id="tabs-temp-1">
<table class="simpletable ngwu_tables">
<tr>
<th colspan="9" ><strong>Temperature – heating & cooling degree days (week ending Sep 21)</strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="no-border" colspan="1"><div align="center"> </div></td>
<td colspan="3"><div align="center">HDDs </div></td>
<!-- <td class="no-border"><div align="center"><strong> </strong></div></td> -->
<td colspan="3" style="border-left: .1px solid #ccc"><div align="center">CDDs</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Region</strong></td>
<td><div align="center" style="font-size: 94%;"><strong>Current total</strong></div></td>
<td><div align="center" style="font-size: 94%;"><strong>Deviation from normal</strong></div></td>
<td><div align="center" style="font-size: 94%;"><strong>Deviation from last year</strong></div></td>
<td style="border-left: .1px solid #ccc" style="font-size: 94%;"><div align="center"><strong>Current total</strong></div></td>
<td><div align="center" style="font-size: 94%;"><strong>Deviation from normal</strong></div></td>
<td><div align="center" style="font-size: 94%;"><strong>Deviation from last year</strong></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>New England</td>
<td><div align="center">25</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-11</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-2</div></td>
<td><div align="center">0</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-2</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-3</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Middle Atlantic</td>
<td><div align="center">23</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-4</div></td>
<td><div align="center">14</div></td>
<td><div align="center">0</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-10</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-17</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>E N Central</td>
<td><div align="center">31</div></td>
<td><div align="center">1</div></td>
<td><div align="center">26</div></td>
<td><div align="center">3</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-8</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-36</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>W N Central</td>
<td><div align="center">19</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-15</div></td>
<td><div align="center">14</div></td>
<td><div align="center">20</div></td>
<td><div align="center">4</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-37</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>South Atlantic</td>
<td><div align="center">6</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-2</div></td>
<td><div align="center">6</div></td>
<td><div align="center">52</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-5</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-12</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>E S Central</td>
<td><div align="center">6</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-2</div></td>
<td><div align="center">5</div></td>
<td><div align="center">42</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-3</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-24</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>W S Central</td>
<td><div align="center">0</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-2</div></td>
<td><div align="center">0</div></td>
<td><div align="center">90</div></td>
<td><div align="center">14</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-16</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mountain</td>
<td><div align="center">26</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-13</div></td>
<td><div align="center">9</div></td>
<td><div align="center">32</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-4</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-3</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pacific</td>
<td><div align="center">8</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-4</div></td>
<td><div align="center">0</div></td>
<td><div align="center">10</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-19</div></td>
<td><div align="center">8</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>United States</td>
<td><div align="center">18</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-4</div></td>
<td><div align="center">11</div></td>
<td><div align="center">28</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-5</div></td>
<td><div align="center">-15</div></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="7" class="no-border"><span class="source" style="color: black">
Data source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<br>
Note: HDDs=heating degree days; CDDs=cooling degree days</span></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<div id="tabs-temp-2">
<div class="ngwu_temp_map_container">
<p class="ngwu_temp_map_title"> Average temperature (°F)</p>
<p><br> 7-day mean ending Sep 21, 2023</p>
<div class="ngwu_temp_map_crop1"><img src="img/20230921.7day.mean.F.gif" alt="Mean Temperature (F) 7-Day Mean ending Sep 21, 2023"/></div>
<p> Data source: <abbr title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration"></abbr> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</p>
</div> </div>
<div id="tabs-temp-3">
<div class="ngwu_temp_map_container">
<p class="ngwu_temp_map_title"> Deviation between average and normal temperature (°F)</p>
<p><br> 7-day mean ending Sep 21, 2023</p>
<div class="ngwu_temp_map_crop2"><img src="img/20230921.7day.mean.F.gif" alt="Mean Temperature Anomaly (F) 7-Day Mean ending Sep 21, 2023"/></div>
<p> Data source: <abbr title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration"></abbr> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration </br> </p>
</div>
</div>
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<img src="img/202307_monthly_dry_shale.png"alt="dry shale production" />
<!--<img src="img/202106_monthly_dry_shale.png"alt="dry shale production" />-->
<p></p>
<p style="margin-left:5px;"><a href="img/shale_gas_202307.xlsx" class="ico_xls">figure data</a></p>
<!--<div style="clear:left"><em>Release Date:</em> mm/dd/yyyy | <em>Next Release Date:</em> mm/dd/yyyy</div>-->
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Related Knowledge Center: Liquefied natural gas
Driven by plentiful natural gas produced from shale plays, the United States began exporting liquefied natural gas in 2016 when the Sabine Pass terminal in Louisiana opened and shipped its first cargo. Since then, additional capacity, or trains, have been added to Sabine Pass, and terminals have become operational in Cameron Parish, La.; Hackberry, La.; Cove Point, Md.; and Corpus Christi, Texas. The Energy Information Administration projects that U.S. LNG export capacity will reach 8.9 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) by the end of 2019, making it the third largest in the world, behind Australia and Qatar. The tariff war with China has the potential to impact some final investment decisions for additional terminals in the coming months.