Helping new hydrogen hubs sidestep risks, deliver on climate promise - Environmental Defense Fund
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Degrees is for you.</a></div><div><article><div> <a href="https://www.edf.org/degrees-green-jobs-podcast"> <picture> <source srcset="https://www.edf.org/sites/default/files/styles/2_1_732_366_focal_point/…; type="image/webp"/> <img src="https://www.edf.org/sites/default/files/styles/2_1_732_366_focal_point/…; alt="Illustrated artwork for the Degrees podcast (square)" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </picture> </a></div></article></div></article></div></div></div></div><li class="search-form-holder hide"><form class="topnav-search-form form-subscribed-to" id="TopnavSearchForm"> <input type="search" placeholder="Search this site..." id="TopnavSearchFormInput"> <button type="submit" id="TopnavSearchFormSubmit">GO</button></form></li><div class="topnav-padding-offset"></div><main id="content" class="row content" role="main"><div class="pageWidth"><div class="column content-wrapper clearfix" id="contentArea"><div class="column breadcrumbs"><div class="region region-content-top"><div id="block-breadcrumbs"><nav class="breadcrumb" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"><h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2><ol><li><a href="https://www.edf.org/" title="EDF Home">Home</a></li><li><a href="https://www.edf.org/blogs" title="EDF Blogs">Blogs</a></li><li><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange" title="Energy Exchange">Energy Exchange</a></li><li>Helping new hydrogen hubs sidestep risks, deliver ...</li></ol></nav></div></div></div><div class="column content-intro" id="pageIntro"><h1 class="entry-title">Helping new hydrogen hubs sidestep risks, deliver on climate promise</h1></div><div class="content-primary content-primary-col2" id="contentColumn"><div class="region region-content"><div id="nav-above" class="navigation"><div class="nav-previous"><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/2023/10/25/how-the-inflation-reduc…; rel="prev"><span class="meta-nav">«</span> How the Inflation Reduction Act will help drive major methane emissions reductions</a></div><div class="nav-next"></div></div><div id="post-22760" class="post-22760 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-uncategorized" ><div class="entry-meta"> By <a href="https://edf.org/people/morgan-rote" title="Visit Morgan Rote’s website" rel="author external">Morgan Rote</a> <span class="meta-sep meta-sep-entry-date"> / </span> <span class="meta-prep meta-prep-entry-date">Published: </span><span class="entry-date"><abbr class="published" title="2023-10-30T14:22:02-0400">October 30, 2023</abbr></span></div><div class="entry-content"><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;" class="sharethis-inline-share-buttons" ></div><p><span class="TextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0"><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files//508… decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" class="aligncenter wp-image-22767" src="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files//508…; alt="" width="600" height="450" srcset="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/5085… 800w, https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/5085… 300w, https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/5085… 768w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a></span></span></p><p><span class="TextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">The Department of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">Energy </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">has</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">announced the list of </span></span><a class="Hyperlink SCXW45755323 BCX0" href="https://energy.gov/oced/regional-clean-hydrogen-hubs-selections-award-n…; target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span class="TextRun Underlined SCXW45755323 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="none"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink">selectees</span></span></a><span class="TextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">under its </span><span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW45755323 BCX0">$7 billion</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">Hydrogen Hubs program. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">I</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">f they successfully conclude final negotiations </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">with DOE</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">, projects </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">will </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">receive </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">funding </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">to create </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">close-proximity </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">networks of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">hydrogen </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">producers, consumers, and connective infrastructure</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">as part of the Biden administration’s ambitious climate and clean energy effort</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0">.</span></span></p><p><span id="more-22760"></span></p><p><span class="TextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45755323 BCX0"><span class="TextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">While hubs offer </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">localized opportunities for economic developmen</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">t and large-scale technology demonstrations, they can also </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">have</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0"> serious side effects</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">.</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">O</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">ur historical record of infrastructure development is marred with many examples </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">where a lack of transparency,</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">rigor, accountability </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">and engagement </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">led to projects that </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">failed, or </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">led to serious harm to</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0"> local communities.</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">This </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">isn’t</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0"> only a matter of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">demonstrating</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">a </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">technology, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0"> </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">it’s</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">about </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">demonstrating</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">a technology</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0"> in the context of our </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW142599456 BCX0">society and communities.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW142599456 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></span></span></p> <span class='bctt-click-to-tweet'><span class='bctt-ctt-text'><a href='https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.edf.org%2Fener…; target='_blank'rel="noopener noreferrer">Helping new hydrogen hubs sidestep risks, deliver on climate promise </a></span><a href='https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.edf.org%2Fener…; target='_blank' class='bctt-ctt-btn'rel="noopener noreferrer">Click To Tweet</a></span><p><span class="TextRun SCXW217787388 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW217787388 BCX0">Hydrogen is a critical path to fuels and feedstocks we need to decarbonize the energy system. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW217787388 BCX0">It’s</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW217787388 BCX0"> essential that we get it right. For hydrogen to help the climate, it needs to be produced, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW217787388 BCX0">managed</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW217787388 BCX0"> and deployed carefully. Th</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW217787388 BCX0">e next steps in the hub development process are where that starts.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW217787388 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span><b><span data-contrast="auto">Getting it Right</span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">EDF’s </span><a href="https://betterhubs.edf.org/"><span data-contrast="none">BetterHubs</span></a><span data-contrast="auto"> initiative provides a roadmap for developers, investors, governments and local communities to maximize benefits from these projects while minimizing negative impacts. BetterHubs provides ten core objectives for tackling some of the toughest issues around climate risks, air and water impacts, community engagement, transparency and more. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"134233117":false,"134233118":false,"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559685":0,"335559737":0,"335559738":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p> </p><div id="attachment_22761" style="width: 562px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files//bet… aria-describedby="caption-attachment-22761" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-22761" src="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files//bet…; alt="" width="552" height="745" srcset="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/bett… 552w, https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/bett… 222w" sizes="(max-width: 552px) 100vw, 552px" /></a><p id="caption-attachment-22761" class="wp-caption-text">List of Core Objectives from EDF BetterHubs Initiative</p></div><p> </p><p><span data-contrast="auto">How these metrics apply will differ from one project to the next based on specific characteristics. To illustrate how, we take three hub selectees — the Appalachian Regional Clean Hydrogen Hub, and California Hydrogen Hub and the Gulf Coast Hydrogen Hub — and explain how the objectives can apply to the Hub’s context and region.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><i><span data-contrast="auto">This assessment is intended to demonstrate a sample of objectives with minimal duplication. We recommend developers and stakeholders apply all ten objectives to each project moving forward. </span></i><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">Applying the BetterHubs objectives </span></b><b><span data-contrast="auto"> to the Appalachian Regional Clean Hydrogen Hub, ARCH2</span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">ARCH2 covers the Appalachian counties across West Virginia, Ohio, Kentucky and Pennsylvania. The hub will center on fossil and biomass/waste-based hydrogen, relying on its vast industrial end-user demand and geology that lends itself to carbon sequestration. Potential end uses span across all sectors.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">BetterHubs core objective: </span></b><a href="https://betterhubs.edf.org/core-objectives/climate-pollutant-leakages/"… data-contrast="none">Monitor and mitigate climate pollutant emissions</span></b></a><b><span data-contrast="auto"> </span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">Hydrogen produced from fossil fuels or biogenic pathways can involve significant upstream methane emissions — levels which are significantly downplayed by industry. For example, EDF researchers have found Pennsylvania’s oil and gas methane emissions to be more than </span><a href="https://www.edf.org/media/edf-analysis-finds-pennsylvania-oil-and-gas-m… data-contrast="none">15 times higher</span></a><span data-contrast="auto"> than what companies reported to regulators. ARCH2 development teams should ensure methane emissions are accurately accounted for and emission rates dramatically reduced (to no more than 0.2%).</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">BetterHubs core objective: </span></b><a href="https://betterhubs.edf.org/core-objectives/effective-co2-management/"><… data-contrast="none">demonstrate safe and effective carbon management</span></b></a><b><span data-contrast="auto"> </span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">The climate impact of hydrogen produced from natural gas also depends heavily on the rates of carbon capture and sequestration and the extent to which these processes are regulated. Reliance on this so-called blue hydrogen means developers must ensure that their equipment captures at least 95% of carbon dioxide emissions and that air quality risks are monitored and managed. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">Meanwhile, geologic storage projects should demonstrate an expected leakage rate of no more than 1% over 1,000 years, be limited to sedimentary formations, avoid groundwater contamination, leakage and earthquake risk. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">BetterHubs core objective: </span></b><a href="https://betterhubs.edf.org/core-objectives/added-value/"><b><span data-contrast="none">demonstrate added value and necessity as a clean energy solution</span></b></a><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">ARCH2 has released little information regarding intended use cases (which is also a poor demonstration of the BetterHubs core objective on transparency and information sharing). Development teams should ensure offtake is focused on high-value end uses, such as industrial feedstocks and heavy-duty transport, rather than wasting hydrogen on applications such as light duty vehicles or household uses that can be more easily and efficiently </span><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/2023/01/30/rule-1-of-deploying-hyd… data-contrast="none">electrified.</span></a><span data-contrast="auto"> Blending hydrogen into existing natural gas systems should be especially avoided, due to the risk of pipeline embrittlement and leakage, costs, energy efficiency losses and potential for continued air pollution.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">BetterHubs core objective: </span></b><a href="https://betterhubs.edf.org/core-objectives/economic-development-opportu… data-contrast="none">foster diverse local economic development opportunities</span></b></a><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">Hubs should be designed to support local economies and equitably distribute </span><a href="https://rhg.com/research/clean-hydrogen-workforce-development/"><span data-contrast="none">work</span></a><span data-contrast="auto"> to support local communities, local and minority-led research institutions and local businesses. This is particularly important for the Appalachian region, which suffers disproportionately high rates of economic distress. The ARCH2 team should work closely with the Appalachian Regional Commission to align with its broader strategic development plan, while making concerted workforce development efforts and building local capacity at Historically Black Colleges and Universities.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p> </p><div id="attachment_22762" style="width: 634px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files//Map… aria-describedby="caption-attachment-22762" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-22762" src="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files//Map…; alt="" width="624" height="504" srcset="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/Map-… 624w, https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/Map-… 300w" sizes="(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px" /></a><p id="caption-attachment-22762" class="wp-caption-text">Map of U.S. Industrial Sources<br />Figure from DOE’s National Clean Hydrogen Strategy and Roadmap</p></div><p> </p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">California Hydrogen Hub / Alliance for Renewable Clean Hydrogen Energy Systems </span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">The California Hydrogen Hub plans to produce hydrogen from renewable energy and biomass. It will focus on decarbonizing public transportation, heavy duty trucking and port operations, with the goal of driving air quality improvements and creating a West Coast freight network that links to the Pacific Northwest Hydrogen Hub. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">BetterHubs core objective: </span></b><a href="https://betterhubs.edf.org/core-objectives/climate-pollutant-leakages/"… data-contrast="none">monitor and mitigate climate pollutant emissions</span></b></a><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">California has substantial capacity for solar generation and potential for increased offshore wind. This bodes well for new electrolytic hydrogen made using renewable electricity and water , also known as green hydrogen, which is the best way to minimize climate and health-harming emissions and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">But a high dependence on solar means that producers will need to pay attention to when and where that energy is produced. Projects using renewable energy to make hydrogen are counterproductive if they pull those clean resources away from existing users. And solar isn’t available at night, so unless electrolyzers procure specific clean alternatives for these hours, operating at night could actually </span><a href="https://www.nrdc.org/bio/rachel-fakhry/new-analysis-3-pillars-will-supp… data-contrast="none">increase</span></a><span data-contrast="auto"> grid emissions. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p> </p><div id="attachment_22763" style="width: 474px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files//Hyd… aria-describedby="caption-attachment-22763" decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-22763" src="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files//Hyd…; alt="" width="464" height="361" srcset="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/Hydr… 464w, https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/Hydr… 300w" sizes="(max-width: 464px) 100vw, 464px" /></a><p id="caption-attachment-22763" class="wp-caption-text">Map of Hydrogen Production Potential from Concentrated Solar Power<br />Figure from DOE’s National Clean Hydrogen Strategy and Roadmap, Figure 30 (originally sourced from NREL)</p></div><p> </p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">BetterHubs core objective: </span></b><a href="https://betterhubs.edf.org/core-objectives/local-and-international-envi… data-contrast="none">track, minimize and mitigate environmental impacts</span></b></a><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">Parts of central and southern California are among the most water-stressed regions of the country. Given the substantial quantities of water required for hydrogen production, water resource demands must be taken into consideration. Moreover, California must ensure that any biomass used for hydrogen comes from </span>waste<span data-contrast="auto"> biomass only. It should not induce clearing healthy forests, for instance, and it should not be allowed to offset dirtier hydrogen production elsewhere.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p> </p><div id="attachment_22764" style="width: 946px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files//Map… aria-describedby="caption-attachment-22764" decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="wp-image-22764 size-full" src="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files//Map…; alt="" width="936" height="670" srcset="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/Map-… 936w, https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/Map-… 300w, https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/Map-… 768w" sizes="(max-width: 936px) 100vw, 936px" /></a><p id="caption-attachment-22764" class="wp-caption-text">Map of Water Stress Levels in the U.S.<br />Figure from NREL Resource Assessment for Hydrogen Production, July 2020</p></div><p><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">BetterHubs core objective: </span></b><a href="https://betterhubs.edf.org/core-objectives/community-engagement/"><b><s… data-contrast="none">deploy rigorous community engagement and partnership</span></b></a><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">All hub developers should ensure that community members are active participants throughout the development and decision-making process, with feedback and concerns addressed in meaningful ways. This includes providing early and transparent project information, technical assistance and opportunities to engage on project design. They must also ensure that projects include community-identified benefits and protections for local health and safety. Developers will have an added responsibility to engage with local tribal nations, as well as a responsibility to address community opposition and mitigate any potential or unintended harms.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">Gulf Coast Hydrogen Hub / HyVelocity H2Hub</span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">The Gulf Coast Hydrogen Hub will be centered in the Houston region and stretch across the Texas coast into Louisiana. It will focus on both blue and green hydrogen production and will include salt cavern hydrogen storage, a large open access hydrogen pipeline and multiple refueling stations. End uses will include the numerous high-polluting refineries and ammonia facilities found in the region, along with trucking and marine fuel. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">BetterHubs core objective: </span></b><a href="https://betterhubs.edf.org/core-objectives/local-and-international-envi… data-contrast="none">track, minimize and mitigate environmental impacts</span></b></a> <span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">Combustion of hydrogen in production or use generates NOx emissions, which have serious consequences for human health. This is particularly problematic for hydrogen facilities located in communities already overburdened with more than their fair share of pollution. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">Moreover, the use of blue hydrogen raises important environmental concerns around methane emissions and carbon capture and storage, including water and air pollution and the risk of seismicity. Such fossil-based build-out should be minimized, and to the extent to which development occurs, it will require new regulation (by </span><a href="https://www.edf.org/media/edf-allies-ask-epa-protect-people-fossil-fuel… data-contrast="none">EPA</span></a><span data-contrast="auto"> and state agencies) and improved enforcement. This includes better monitoring and regulation of local air quality; new pollution controls for carbon capture equipment; long-term liability for carbon storage; and protections for pipeline safety.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">BetterHubs core objective: </span></b><a href="https://betterhubs.edf.org/core-objectives/transportation/"><b><span data-contrast="none">safely transport and store materials and products</span></b></a><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">Louisiana’s salt domes are being heralded as a key solution to the hydrogen storage challenge. While salt cavern storage is indeed among the cheapest storage options, it will be important to understand and mitigate risks associated with both above-ground and below-ground hydrogen storage. Louisiana has an unfortunate history of improper </span><a href="https://www.nola.com/news/business/stability-issues-prompt-emergency-fo… data-contrast="auto">salt dome </span><span data-contrast="none">management</span></a><span data-contrast="auto">, and hydrogen storage may be even more challenging than natural gas or carbon dioxide given its small molecular size and low density. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p> </p><div id="attachment_22765" style="width: 615px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files//Sal… aria-describedby="caption-attachment-22765" decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="size-full wp-image-22765" src="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files//Sal…; alt="" width="605" height="321" srcset="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/Salt… 605w, https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-content/blogs.dir/38/files/Salt… 300w" sizes="(max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px" /></a><p id="caption-attachment-22765" class="wp-caption-text">Map of Salt Deposits in the United States<br />Figure from U.S. National Clean Hydrogen Strategy and Roadmap (Figure 31)</p></div><p> </p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">BetterHubs core objective: </span></b><a href="https://betterhubs.edf.org/core-objectives/maximizing-transparency/"><b… data-contrast="none">maximize transparency and foster information-sharing</span></b></a><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">Without information about the hubs (including project plans, research findings, data and learnings), communities cannot engage in meaningful ways; stakeholders can’t hold projects accountable; lessons can’t be shared across projects; and the hydrogen industry won’t earn the public trust it needs to support the clean energy transition. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">Many hubs, including the Gulf Coast H2 Hub, have provided very little public information thus far. These hubs should course-correct quickly — publishing key components of their project plans, convening public hearings, and embedding transparency across the life of the hub.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><b><span data-contrast="auto">High stakes</span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">The new hydrogen hubs are intended to provide a more centralized, thoughtful approach to clean energy development and create concrete benefits for communities across the country. But their success is not a given. Poorly designed hubs and those which exclude their nearby communities have the potential to amplify existing inequities, worsen cumulative pollution burdens and undercut our climate goals. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><p><span data-contrast="auto">To ensure the hubs are delivering on their promise and worthy of public investment, they should be held to standards like EDF’s BetterHubs framework, and co-designed with impacted communities. While the regional context may vary, all hubs have the responsibility to ensure positive outcomes for environments and communities, while inviting strong stakeholder engagement that is responsive to local needs. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}"> </span></p><div class="wp_rp_wrap wp_rp_plain" id="wp_rp_first"><div class="wp_rp_content"><h3 class="related_post_title">Related Posts</h3><ul class="related_post wp_rp"><li data-position="0" data-poid="ex-in_22445" data-post-type="own_sourcefeed" ><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/2023/05/09/lack-of-standards-could…; class="wp_rp_title">Lack of standards could undermine global hydrogen market before it gets started</a></li><li data-position="1" data-poid="ex-in_22423" data-post-type="own_sourcefeed" ><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/2023/04/26/beyond-the-application-…; class="wp_rp_title">Beyond the application: what’s next for DOE’s hydrogen and direct air capture hubs, and how to engage in the process</a></li><li data-position="2" data-poid="ex-in_22606" data-post-type="own_sourcefeed" ><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/2023/08/16/known-unknown-current-h…; class="wp_rp_title">Known Unknown: Current hydrogen leak estimates vary by up to 100-fold. We need to know more before betting the farm</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="entry-utility"> <span class="cat-links">This entry was posted in <a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/category/uncategorized/" rel="category tag">General</a></span>. <span class="author-links">Authors: <a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/?taxonomy=author&term=cap-mro…; rel="tag">mrote</a>. </span>Bookmark the <a title="Permalink to Helping new hydrogen hubs sidestep risks, deliver on climate promise" href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/2023/10/30/22760/">permalink</a>. <a class="comment-link" title="Post a comment" href="#respond">Post a comment</a> or leave a trackback: <a class="trackback-link" href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/2023/10/30/22760/trackback/" title ="Trackback URL for your post" rel="trackback">Trackback URL</a>.</div></div><div id="nav-below" class="navigation"><div class="nav-previous"><a href="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/2023/10/25/how-the-inflation-reduc…; rel="prev"><span class="meta-nav">«</span> How the Inflation Reduction Act will help drive major methane emissions reductions</a></div><div class="nav-next"></div></div><div id="comments"><div id="respond" class="comment-respond"><h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">Post a Comment <small><a rel="nofollow" id="cancel-comment-reply-link" href="/energyexchange/2023/10/30/22760/#respond" style="display:none;">Cancel reply</a></small></h3><form action="https://blogs.edf.org/energyexchange/wp-comments-post.php" method="post" id="commentform" class="comment-form"><p class="comment-notes">Your email is <em>never</em> published nor shared. 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