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Europe’s May 2026 Heatwave: Solar Boom, Negative Prices, and Grid Challenges - News and Statistics

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Jun 1, 2026

Europe’s May 2026 Heatwave Drives Solar Surge and Negative Electricity Prices

Europe is experiencing its first major heatwave of the season, with the United Kingdom and France recording record May temperatures, according to a June 1 article from Euronews Earth. The sunny skies have driven a surge in solar power output, leading to negative electricity prices in some parts of the continent—a situation where the wholesale electricity market dips below zero because supply exceeds demand. Despite the potential relief this might suggest for consumers facing high energy costs, this increasing phenomenon will not lower household bills, and soaring temperatures can actually hinder some types of renewable energy output.

A recent analysis by Bloomberg found that the UK saw solar energy meet nearly half of its electricity demand around midday on Sunday, 24 May—the highest ever, based on NESO data—as temperatures in London reached 32.2°C. The surge in renewable power pushed hourly electricity prices in France below zero around 1 p.m. on Tuesday, 26 May on the Epex Spot exchange, while the country was under a highly anomalous and powerful heat dome. According to analytics firm Montel, this is not the first occurrence this year, as negative electricity prices on the Iberian Peninsula hit a new all-time high in the first quarter of 2026. Spain recorded 397 hours of negative prices between January and March, a sharp increase from the 48 hours logged in the same period of 2025, while Portugal experienced 222 hours of sub-zero prices during that period.

Electricity prices turn negative when supply outpaces demand. In Europe’s day-ahead market, energy producers submit offers for how much electricity they will sell and at what price, which is normally positive. Ideal weather conditions can dramatically boost solar and wind output, leading to more energy being produced than needed—often occurring on public holidays when energy consumption is lower. Generators can underbid each other, based on operating and restart costs, to avoid being switched off, as they either still make money through subsidies or contracts or would lose more through curtailment. Last year, Britain wasted £1.47 billion (around €1.67 billion) by turning down wind turbines and paying gas plants to switch on.

Solving negative electricity pricing is challenging. Europe’s outdated energy grid was not designed for the renewable energy boom and is instead set up for centrally located plants, meaning wind and solar energy, often located in remote areas, cannot always reach homes and offices. While grid investment in Europe has increased by 47 percent over the past five years to around €70 billion annually, experts warn it remains insufficient. A recent report by energy think tank Ember warns that more than 120 gigawatts of anticipated renewable capacity are at risk due to Europe’s insufficient grid capacity, including 16 gigawatts of rooftop solar installations affecting more than 1.5 million households.

Giving away free or discounted energy is another approach to tackling negative electricity prices, an incentive already under consideration in the UK. Greg Jackson, CEO of Octopus Energy, which has long pushed for reforms to provide cheaper energy rather than curtailing wind power, says such initiatives should be made permanent to encourage consumers to invest in electrification. The main issue is that excess electricity is hard to store, leading to calls to bolster Europe’s battery energy storage systems (BESS). Last year, the EU installed 27.1 gigawatt-hours of new BESS, marking 12 consecutive years of record growth. According to a 2026 Solar Power Europe report, despite a tenfold expansion of the EU battery fleet since 2021 to more than 77 gigawatt-hours today, Europe remains far from where it needs to be. To meet its 2030 targets, the EU must repeat that tenfold growth, scaling battery storage toward 750 gigawatt-hours within the next five years. Five EU markets delivered more than 60 percent of all new BESS capacity in 2025, with Germany and Italy leading, Bulgaria becoming the fastest-growing market and rising to third place, followed by the Netherlands and Spain.

While solar output surges, rising temperatures can hinder other renewable power sources. There are concerns over hydro and nuclear availability this summer due to increased water temperatures in rivers used for cooling French reactors. The heat dome also slows wind speeds, with the Bloomberg analysis reporting that below-normal wind generation was forecast last week in Germany, Spain, Italy and France. In France, wind output dropped to about 0.5 gigawatts around 1 p.m. on 29 May, according to RTE data, compared to an average of 7.4 gigawatts so far this year. Even solar power is not immune to intense heat, which can reduce efficiency and increase strain on the electricity grid. Ioanna Vergini, founder of wfy24.com, a platform that analyzes weather data and climate volatility trends, noted that photovoltaic cells are semiconductors and lose efficiency as temperature rises. For every degree above 25°C, solar panel efficiency drops by about 0.4 to 0.5 percent.

  1. 1. INTRODUCTION

    Making Data-Driven Decisions to Grow Your Business

    1. REPORT DESCRIPTION
    2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND THE AI PLATFORM
    3. DATA-DRIVEN DECISIONS FOR YOUR BUSINESS
    4. GLOSSARY AND SPECIFIC TERMS

  2. 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

    A Quick Overview of Market Performance

    1. KEY FINDINGS
    2. MARKET TRENDS This Chapter is Available Only for the Professional EditionPRO

  3. 3. MARKET OVERVIEW

    Understanding the Current State of The Market and its Prospects

    1. MARKET SIZE: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2025) AND FORECAST (2026–2035)
    2. CONSUMPTION BY COUNTRY: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2025) AND FORECAST (2026–2035)
    3. MARKET FORECAST TO 2035

  4. 4. MOST PROMISING PRODUCTS FOR DIVERSIFICATION

    Finding New Products to Diversify Your Business

    1. TOP PRODUCTS TO DIVERSIFY YOUR BUSINESS
    2. BEST-SELLING PRODUCTS
    3. MOST CONSUMED PRODUCTS
    4. MOST TRADED PRODUCTS
    5. MOST PROFITABLE PRODUCTS FOR EXPORT

  5. 5. MOST PROMISING SUPPLYING COUNTRIES

    Choosing the Best Countries to Establish Your Sustainable Supply Chain

    1. TOP COUNTRIES TO SOURCE YOUR PRODUCT
    2. TOP PRODUCING COUNTRIES
    3. TOP EXPORTING COUNTRIES
    4. LOW-COST EXPORTING COUNTRIES

  6. 6. MOST PROMISING OVERSEAS MARKETS

    Choosing the Best Countries to Boost Your Export

    1. TOP OVERSEAS MARKETS FOR EXPORTING YOUR PRODUCT
    2. TOP CONSUMING MARKETS
    3. UNSATURATED MARKETS
    4. TOP IMPORTING MARKETS
    5. MOST PROFITABLE MARKETS

  7. 7. PRODUCTION

    The Latest Trends and Insights into The Industry

    1. PRODUCTION VOLUME AND VALUE: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2025) AND FORECAST (2026–2035)
    2. PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2025) AND FORECAST (2026–2035)

  8. 8. IMPORTS

    The Largest Import Supplying Countries

    1. IMPORTS: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2025) AND FORECAST (2026–2035)
    2. IMPORTS BY COUNTRY: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2025) AND FORECAST (2026–2035)
    3. IMPORT PRICES BY COUNTRY: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2025) AND FORECAST (2026–2035)

  9. 9. EXPORTS

    The Largest Destinations for Exports

    1. EXPORTS: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2025) AND FORECAST (2026–2035)
    2. EXPORTS BY COUNTRY: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2025) AND FORECAST (2026–2035)
    3. EXPORT PRICES BY COUNTRY: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2025) AND FORECAST (2026–2035)

  10. 10. PROFILES OF MAJOR PRODUCERS

    The Largest Producers on The Market and Their Profiles

  11. 11. COUNTRY PROFILES

    The Largest Markets And Their Profiles

    This Chapter is Available Only for the Professional Edition PRO

    1. 11.1

      United States

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    2. 11.2

      China

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    3. 11.3

      Japan

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    4. 11.4

      Germany

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    5. 11.5

      United Kingdom

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    6. 11.6

      France

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    7. 11.7

      Brazil

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    8. 11.8

      Italy

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    9. 11.9

      Russian Federation

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    10. 11.10

      India

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    11. 11.11

      Canada

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    12. 11.12

      Australia

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    13. 11.13

      Republic of Korea

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    14. 11.14

      Spain

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    15. 11.15

      Mexico

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    16. 11.16

      Indonesia

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    17. 11.17

      Netherlands

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    18. 11.18

      Turkey

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    19. 11.19

      Saudi Arabia

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    20. 11.20

      Switzerland

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    21. 11.21

      Sweden

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    22. 11.22

      Nigeria

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    23. 11.23

      Poland

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    24. 11.24

      Belgium

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    25. 11.25

      Argentina

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    26. 11.26

      Norway

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    27. 11.27

      Austria

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    28. 11.28

      Thailand

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    29. 11.29

      United Arab Emirates

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    30. 11.30

      Colombia

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    31. 11.31

      Denmark

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    32. 11.32

      South Africa

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    33. 11.33

      Malaysia

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    34. 11.34

      Israel

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    35. 11.35

      Singapore

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    36. 11.36

      Egypt

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    37. 11.37

      Philippines

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    38. 11.38

      Finland

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    39. 11.39

      Chile

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    40. 11.40

      Ireland

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    41. 11.41

      Pakistan

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    42. 11.42

      Greece

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    43. 11.43

      Portugal

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    44. 11.44

      Kazakhstan

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    45. 11.45

      Algeria

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    46. 11.46

      Czech Republic

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    47. 11.47

      Qatar

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    48. 11.48

      Peru

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    49. 11.49

      Romania

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

    50. 11.50

      Vietnam

      • Market Size
      • Production
      • Imports
      • Exports

  12. LIST OF TABLES

    1. Key Findings In 2025
    2. Market Volume, In Physical Terms: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    3. Market Value: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    4. Per Capita Consumption, by Country, 2022–2025
    5. Production, In Physical Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    6. Imports, In Physical Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    7. Imports, In Value Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    8. Import Prices, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    9. Exports, In Physical Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    10. Exports, In Value Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    11. Export Prices, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)

  13. LIST OF FIGURES

    1. Market Volume, In Physical Terms: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    2. Market Value: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    3. Consumption, by Country, 2025
    4. Market Volume Forecast to 2035
    5. Market Value Forecast to 2035
    6. Market Size and Growth, By Product
    7. Average Per Capita Consumption, By Product
    8. Exports and Growth, By Product
    9. Export Prices and Growth, By Product
    10. Production Volume and Growth
    11. Exports and Growth
    12. Export Prices and Growth
    13. Market Size and Growth
    14. Per Capita Consumption
    15. Imports and Growth
    16. Import Prices
    17. Production, In Physical Terms: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    18. Production, In Value Terms: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    19. Production, by Country, 2025
    20. Production, In Physical Terms, by Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    21. Imports, In Physical Terms: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    22. Imports, In Value Terms: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    23. Imports, In Physical Terms, By Country, 2025
    24. Imports, In Physical Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    25. Imports, In Value Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    26. Import Prices, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    27. Exports, In Physical Terms: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    28. Exports, In Value Terms: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    29. Exports, In Physical Terms, By Country, 2025
    30. Exports, In Physical Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    31. Exports, In Value Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
    32. Export Prices, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2025) and Forecast (2026–2035)
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